期刊名称：Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies
印刷版ISSN：1729-3774
电子版ISSN：1729-4061
出版年度：2017
卷号：3
期号：1
页码：42-52
DOI：10.15587/1729-4061.2017.99666
语种：English
出版社：PC Technology Center
摘要：The current state of 3D technologies for manufacturing of volumetric metal products is analyzed. It is shown that the main advantages of additive welding technologies for obtaining three-dimensional metal structures of complex shape in comparison with SLM-technologies are:– increase of the process productivity by 1–2 orders with the same power consumption; 3–10 times reduction in the cost of equipment;– the possibility of increasing the overall dimensions of the created parts by a factor of 10 or more;– expansion of the range of used consumables (powders, wires, composite materials);– increase in the utilization factor of consumables by 20–50 %.The main drawbacks of additive welding technologies for the production of three-dimensional metal structures are quite large dimensions of the heat-affected zone and the build-up layer. This leads to the emergence of undesirable temperature gradients, the accumulation of residual stresses and, as a result, a decrease in performance. One of the methods for eliminating these drawbacks is to increase the thermal locality of the energy source. For example, the use of non-transferred arc plasma.The analysis of additive plasma-arc welding technologies and own research has shown that their advantages are:– high (5...50 kg/h and more) performance;– the possibility of obtaining sufficiently thin (1.5...5.0 mm) walls with a relatively small overheating;– about 5-fold saving of materials in combination with the increase in the quality (for example, strength and density) of the resulting metal parts, in comparison with the traditional methods of mechanical manufacture.
关键词：3D printing;additive manufacturing;welding technologies;three-dimensional metal products
