摘要：This work is devoted to the problem of selective nickel ions extraction from dilute solutions by studying patterns ion exchange depending on the mass transfer, hydrodynamic and, in particular, concentration factors. To calculate the ion exchange process usually use cumbersome models that involve the use of parameters such as diffusion coefficients of ions in the solution and ionite, exchange capacity of the last, selectivity ratios, ionite particle size, ionite height, rate of solution. However, the actual problem is the creation of a formalized process model in a dynamic mode that minimizes the number of parameters, eliminating diffusion selectivity coefficients.The most rational method of experimental study of dynamical laws are mathematical experiment planning. The advantage of this method is that it does not require information about the mechanism of the process and therefore available even non-specialists in the field of ion exchange.Regression equation for accurately calculating the parameters of the ion exchange process, which is studied in the accepted range of variation factors, was obtained. Volume of solution that clears by the unit of ionite weight, duration of the filtration cycle and working volumetric ionite capacity are taken as the variables. The studied factors were concentration of the sorbed ion; concentration of other ions; pH; specific load. Regressive dependences for polymer and organic-inorganic ionite were obtained. The test model adequacy was made by comparing reproducibility and adequacy dispersion.According to the model it was made an optimization to determine the parameters, which allow obtaining maximum value of breakthrough capacity of nickel ions. Finding the optimum values for both ionites it can be concluded that there are effective organic-inorganic ion exchangers, which allows more clear solution of metal ions about 100ml.Using these models we can get the value of breakthrough capacity for each ionite and choose the best of them without experiment. The models can be used to calculate the ion exchange and sorption processes aimed at extracting of some components from the combined solution.
