摘要：The object of research is the formation of the influence zone of the bridge crossing in the river flow. The method for determining the length of the zone of influence of the bridge crossing provides for the calculation of such parameters as the specific discharge of floodplains, the length of the zones of compression and spreading, and the full backwater in front of the bridge section. The proposed approach is based on changing the properties of the central stream of the river flow in the zone of artificial influence of the bridge structure. Determination of the flow depth and the inclined free surface is carried out according to the corresponding finite-difference analogs of differential equations describing the change in these quantities. All calculations are made, respectively, for each branch of a flood or flood, for a certain day. Calculations start with a full spreading alignment, where all hydraulic characteristics of the flow have natural values.The paper presents the calculation of the zone of influence of the bridge crossing on the river Seversky Donets on the T-05-14 highway within the Donetsk region (Ukraine). It has been established that the development of general channel deformations in the channel and on the floodplains occurs in a section from 1195m to 2144m long. The distribution of the river flow depth is obtained, which increases from 0.58m to 2.17m in the alignment of the bridge crossing after the flood. With an increase in the flow rate of the river flow, the parameters of the compression zone also increase from 246m to 1382m, and the spreading zones decrease from 949m to 762m. The change in the parameter of the central jet occurs in accordance with the distribution of the compression and spreading zones during the course of the flood. The obtained results are the initial conditions for conducting research on predicting eroded processes in a river flow, taking into account artificial compression in the zone of influence of the bridge crossing.
关键词：bridge crossing;floodplain;influence zone of the bridge;zone of river compression;spreading zone of the river
