摘要：The research objectives were to characterize morphometric and genetic distance between populations of Indonesian local goats. The morphological discriminant and canonical analysis were carried out to estimate the phylogenic relationship and determine the discriminant variable between Benggala goats (n= 96), Marica (n= 60), Jawarandu (n= 94), (Kacang (n= 217), Muara (n= 30) and Samosir (n= 42). Discriminant analysis used to clasify body weight and body measurements. In the analysis of variance showed that body weight and body measurement (body length, height at withers, thorax width, thorax height, hert girth, skull width and height, tail length and width, ear length and width) of Muara goats was higher (P<0.05) compared to the other groups, and the lowest was in Marica goats. The smallest genetic distance was between Marica and Samosir (11.207) and the highest were between Muara and Benggala (255.110). The highest similarity between individual within population was found in Kacang (99.28%) and the lowest in Samosir (82.50%). The canonical analysis showed high correlation on canon circumference, body weight, skull width, skull height, and tail width variables so these six variables can be used as distinguishing variables among population. The result from Mahalonobis distance for phenogram tree and canonical analysis showed that six populations of Indonesian local goats were divided into six breed of goats: the first was Muara, the second was Jawarandu, the third was Kacang, the fourth was Benggala, the fifth was Samosir and the sixth was Marica goats. The diversity of body size and body weight of goats was observed quite large, so the chances of increasing productivity could be made through selection and mating programs.
其他摘要：Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengkarakterisasi ukuran-ukuran tubuh (morfometrik) dan jarak genetik antara enam populasi kambing lokal Indonesia. Analisis morfometrik dan kanonikal dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan kekerabatan dan ukuran tubuh yang dominan untuk menentukan pengelompokan pada kambing Benggala (n=96), Marica (n=60), Jawarandu (n=94), Kacang (n=217), Muara (n=30), dan Samosir (n=42). Analisis diskriminan digunakan untuk mengelompokkan parameter bobot badan dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bobot badan dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh (panjang badan, tinggi pundak, lebar dada, tinggi pundak, lingkar dada, tinggi dan lebar tengkorak, panjang dan lebar ekor, panjang dan lebar telinga) pada kambing Muara lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan populasi kambing lainnya, dan paling rendah pada kambing Marica. Jarak genetik paling dekat terdapat pada kambing Marica dan Samosir (11,207) dan paling jauh pada kambing Muara dan Benggala (255,110). Tingkat kesamaan paling tinggi antar individu dalam populasi dijumpai pada kambing Kacang (99,28%) dan paling rendah pada kambing Samosir (82,50%). Analisis kanonikal menunjukkan bahwa ukuran tubuh paling dominan sebagai pembeda antar enam populasi kambing lokal yang diamati antara lain: lingkar kanon, ukuran tubuh, lebar tengkorak, tinggi tengkorak, dan lebar ekor. Hasil analisis jarak mahalonobis pohon fenogram dan kanonikal menunjukkan bahwa enam populasi masing-masing berdiri sendiri, sehingga dibedakan menjadi enam rumpun, yaitu rumpun kambing Muara, Jawarandu, Kacang, Benggala, Samosir, dan Marica. Tingkat keragaman bobot badan dan panjang badan sangat tinggi, sehingga peluang peningkatan produksi dapat dilakukan melalui program persilangan dan seleksi.
