摘要：The present research was carried out to study the diversity of mineral contents of wild forages and to evaluate the beneficial effect of mineral feed supplement formulated by using locally available materials on the performances of beef cattle. The present research was initiated by analyzing mineral contents of wild forages grown around Limau Manis campus areas. Forage samples were collected at 9 sampling areas scattered at plantation, conservation and idle lands. Samples were then analyzed for macro minerals of Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, and S and micro minerals of Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, and Zn. Feeding trial was then conducted to evaluate the beneficial effect of supplementation of local mineral formulas (LMF) produced by using locally available materials on the performances of cattle. Feeding trial was conducted for 6 weeks by using 9 Simmentals cross bred heifers. The trial consisted of 3 treatments, i.e., P1: only grass without supplementation, P2: grass + LMF and P3: grass + mineral premix enriched LMF. Variables measured were: body weight, feed intake, FCR, feed cost and net return. Results showed that the highest macro mineral content of wild forages was Na of about 13.05±2.22 g/kg, varied from 4.1 to 23.8 g/kg, followed by K (11.09±1.43 g/kg) and Ca (6.10±1.09 g/kg DM). Three minerals of Mg, P, and S were found in relatively small concentrations of 1.34±0.30, 0.83±0.23, and 0.17±0.01 g/kg, respectively. Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn were found in relatively high concentrations. The highest concentration of micro minerals was Fe of about 613.8±128.9 mg/kg, followed by Mn of 143.9±23.3 mg/kg, while Zn and Cu were found in relatively small amount of about 31.3±5.5 and 13.2±2.5 mg/kg, respectively. Heifers supplemented with LMF (P2) and mineral premix enriched LMF (P3) showed higher body weight gain, lower FCR and net return than those cattle fed only grass (P1). The most profitable feeding strategy was by supplementation of heifers with mineral premix enriched LMF.
其他摘要：Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari keragaman kandungan mineral pakan hijauan yang berasal dari tanaman liar dan mengevaluasi manfaat suplementasi mineral terhadap performa sapi. Penelitian dimulai dengan pengambilan sampel dan analisis kandungan mineral hijauan yang tumbuh liar. Sampel hijauan diambil dari 9 lokasi berbeda, yang tersebar di lahan perkebunan, konservasi, dan lahan tidur di sekitar kampus Limau Manis. Mineral yang dianalisis mencakup mineral makro: Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, dan S dan mikro: Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, dan Zn. Selanjutnya dilakukan feeding trial untuk mengetahui manfaat pemberian pakan mineral suplemen (LMF) yang dibuat dengan bahan lokal pada performa ternak sapi. Feeding trial dilakukan selama 6 minggu, menggunakan 9 ekor sapi betina dara simmental dan terdiri atas 3 perlakuan, yaitu P1: rumput tanpa LMF (P1), P2: rumput + LMF, dan P3: rumput + LMF yang diperkaya dengan mineral premix. Peubah yang diukur antara lain: bobot badan, konsumsi, konversi ransum, biaya pakan, dan penerimaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan mineral makro tertinggi adalah Na 13,05±2,22 g/kg, diikuti oleh K (11,09±1,43 g/kg), dan Ca (6,10±1,09 g/kg BK). Tiga mineral lainnya: Mg, P, dan S terkandung dalam konsentrasi rendah, masingmasing sekitar 1,34±0,30; 0,83±0,23; dan 0,17±0,01 g/kg. Kandungan mineral mikro tertinggi adalah Fe, sekitar 613,8±128,9 mg/kg, diikuti oleh Mn 143,9±23,3 mg/kg. Zn dan Cu terkandung dalam konsentrasi yang relatif rendah, masing-masing sekitar 31,3±5,5 dan 13,2±2,5 mg/kg. Ternak sapi yang diberi pakan suplemen LMF berbasis bahan lokal menunjukkan pertambahan bobot badan, konversi ransum, dan penerimaan yang nyata (P<0,05) lebih baik daripada yang hanya diberi rumput. Penerimaan tertinggi dapat dicapai jika formula mineral lokal diperkaya dengan mineral premix.
关键词：wild forage quality;local mineral formula;ruminant mineral nutrition
其他关键词：kualitas pakan hijauan;pakan mineral lokal;nutrisi mineral rumniansia
