标题：Physicochemical Characteristics, in Vitro Fermentation Indicators, Gas Production Kinetics, and Degradability of Solid Herbal Waste as Alternative Feed Source for Ruminants
摘要：The aims of this research were to study the nutrient and secondary metabolite contents of solid herbal wastes (SHW) that were preserved by freeze drying, sun drying and silage, as well as to analyze their effects on in vitro fermentation indicators i.e., gas production kinetics and degradability of solid herbal waste. Physical and chemical properties on three forms of SHW (sun dry, freeze dry, and silage) were characterized and then an in vitro gas production experiment was performed to determine the kinetics of gas production, methane production, NH3, microbial protein, and SHW degradability. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was added to the three treatments to determine the biological activity of tannins. Results showed that all three preparations of SHW still contained high nutrient and plant secondary metabolite contents. Gas production, methane, NH3, microbial protein, in vitro degradability of dry matter (IVDMD) and organic matter (IVDOM) of SHW silage were lower (P<0.05) compared to sun dry and freeze dry. These results were apparently due to the high content of secondary metabolites especially tannin. It can be concluded that solid herbal wastes (SHW) can be used as an alternative feed ingredients for ruminants with attention to the content of secondary metabolites that can affect the process of fermentation and digestibility in the rumen.
其他摘要：Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efek limbah padat jamu (LPJ) yang mengandung berbagai metabolit sekunder tanaman pada kinetika produksi gas, indikator fermentasi, dan kecernaan dalam rumen pada kondisi in vitro. Pada tahap pertama penelitian dilakukan analisis fisik dan kimia pada tiga sediaan LPJ (kering matahari, freeze dry, dan silase), selanjutnya dilakukan percobaan in vitro produksi gas untuk mengetahui kinetika produksi gas, produksi metan, NH3 , protein mikrobia, dan tingkat degradasi LPJ secara in vitro. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) ditambahkan pada ketiga perlakuan untuk mempelajari aktivitas biologis tanin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ketiga sediaan LPJ masih mengandung nutrien dan metabolit sekunder tanaman yang relatif tinggi. Produksi gas, metan, NH3 , protein mikrob, dan degradasi in vitro bahan kering dan bahan organik silase LPJ lebih rendah (P<0.05) dibandingkan LPJ kering matahari dan freeze dry yang diduga disebabkan oleh kandungan metabolit sekunder, terutama tanin yang tinggi. Melihat potensi kandungan nutriennya, dapat disimpulkan bahwa limbah padat jamu (LPJ) dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif bahan pakan pengganti serat dengan perhatian pada kandungan metabolit sekunder yang dapat mempengaruhi proses fermentasi dan kecernaan di dalam rumen.
