摘要：SummaryHelminths and helminth-derived products hold promise for treating joint bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the mechanisms of helminths ameliorating the osteoclastic bone destruction are incompletely understood. Here, we report thatTrichinella spiralisinfection or treatment with the excreted/secreted products ofT. spiralismuscle larvae (MES) attenuated bone erosion and osteoclastogenesis in mice with collage-induced arthritis (CIA) through inhibiting M1 monocyte/macrophage polarization and the production of M1-related proinflammatory cytokines.In vitro, MES inhibited LPS-induced M1 macrophage activation while promoting IL-4-induced M2 macrophage polarization. Same effects of MES were also observed in monocytes derived from RA patients, wherein MES treatment suppressed LPS-induced M1 cytokine production. Moreover, MES treatment attenuated LPS and RANKL co-stimulated osteoclast differentiation from the RAW264.7 macrophages through inhibiting activation of the NF-κB rather than MAPK pathway. This study provides insight into the M1 subset as a potential target for helminths to alleviate osteoclastic bone destruction in RA.Graphical abstractDisplay OmittedHighlights•Trichinella spiralisand MES attenuate bone erosion in inflammatory arthritis in mice•M1 polarization positively correlates osteoclastogenesis in RA patients and CIA mice•MES inhibit M1 polarization which is positively correlates with osteoclast formation•MES attenuate osteoclast differentiation through inhibiting the activation of NF-κBOrthopedics; Biological sciences; Immunology
