期刊名称：Euro Area Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Statistics
印刷版ISSN：1830-3420
电子版ISSN：1830-3439
出版年度：2021
卷号：2021
语种：English
出版社：European Central Bank
摘要：Contacts reported increasing constraints and restrictions on their ability to respond to strong or growing actual or latent demand. Stricter and more prolonged coronavirus (COVID-19) containment measures continued to severely restrict activity in services dependent on social contact. Moreover, many contacts in the manufacturing sector emphasised supply constraints. As a result, many firms’ activity was stable or contracting despite strong growth in order books or indications of substantial latent demand. Overall, activity in the first quarter was seen to have contracted in most parts of the retail, consumer services and energy sectors, and was considered to be rather mixed in manufacturing, broadly stable in construction and mostly stable or growing in business services.
