摘要：The object of research: the influence of the design features of special gap seals on the dynamic characteristics of centrifugal machines. Investigated problem: harmonization of the consumption and dynamic characteristics of the seals of the rotors of high-speed machines by applying special design methods. Main scientific results: The mechanism and operating conditions of seals with floating rings are described. It is determined that the most effective from the point of view of dynamic characteristics is the variant of the semi-movable ring. Expressions for determining the conditions of angular and radial immobility of a floating ring are obtained. The design options for deformable gap seals, including deformable floating rings, deformable interwheel seals and seals with an axially movable deformable sleeve, have been investigated. The scope of their application for unique machines with high requirements for tightness and vibration reliability has been determined. Variants of the design of labyrinth seals have been investigated. The analysis shows that the dynamic properties of labyrinth seals significantly depend on the relative position of the ridges. Overlapping ridged seals have the worst dynamic performance of the labyrinth seal designs. The honeycomb seal has more favorable dynamic properties, and the well seal has the best combination of consumption and dynamic characteristics. The dynamic characteristics are especially important for the seals of high-speed rotors of centrifugal machines. The area of practical use of the research results: Enterprises that manufacture centrifugal machines: pumps and compressors. Innovative technological product: a methodology for the selection, design and calculation of special designs of gap seals with optimization of dynamic and flow characteristics. Scope of application of the innovative technological product: The obtained research results will be useful in the design and manufacture of centrifugal pumps and compressors for any parameters.
