出版社：Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED)
摘要：One of the factors that has historically been considered most important in combating child mortality has been the education of mothers. Among the strategies used to improve it is group education, which today is almost exclu¬sively the responsibility of midwives. But this was not always the case. This article focuses on the role of these professionals in the education of pregnant women in Spain, which began with the courses for mothers offered by the Escuela Nacional de Puericultura. From 1955 onwards, courses for pregnant women, aimed at disseminating methods for pain control in childbirth, began to become popular. The first two books published in Spain on the subject were launched in 1955 by a midwife and a doctor respectively, who had had to go abroad to be trained in these techniques. Initially it was the doctors who were most interested in spreading these pain control techniques, and specific units were set up in the large nursing homes of late Francoism. Some town coun¬cils also incorporated “birth preparation” into their service portfolio. But the real generalisation of maternal education came with the incorporation of midwives into Primary Health Care Centres at the end of the 1980s.
关键词：History of Midwives; Painless childbirth; Maternity and birth preparation; Childcare courses
