摘要：SummaryTo investigate whether beta oscillations arecausallyrelated to motor inhibition, thirty-six participants underwent two concurrent transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) and electroencephalography (EEG) sessions during which either beta (20 Hz) or gamma (70 Hz) stimulation was applied while participants performed a stop-signal task. In addition, we acquired magnetic resonance images to simulate the electric field during tACS. 20 Hz stimulation targeted at the pre-supplementary motor area enhanced inhibition and increased beta oscillatory power around the time of the stop-signal in trials directly following stimulation. The increase in inhibition on stop trials followed a dose-response relationship with the strength of the individually simulated electric field. Computational modeling revealed that 20 and 70 Hz stimulation had opposite effects on the braking process. These results highlight that the effects of tACS are state-dependent and demonstrate that fronto-central beta activity is causally related to successful motor inhibition, supporting its use as a functional biomarker.Graphical abstractDisplay OmittedHighlights•Beta tACS over preSMA improved motor inhibition•Gamma tACS slowed down the stop process but primarily affected movement execution•Beta tACS resulted in higher beta spectral power around the time of the stop-signal•Effects of tACS showed a dose-response relationship with electric field strengthBiological sciences; Neuroscience; Behavioral neuroscience; Sensory neuroscience
