摘要：Graphical abstractDisplay OmittedAbstractObjectivesThe current study looks towards reporting the chemical compounds present in the panchagavya (PG), free radicals scavenging and mosquitocidal activity of PG in the laboratory condition.MethodsThe existence of chemical compounds in the PG were studied by GC–MS analysis. Free radicals scavenging activity of PG was studied by using various invitro assays. Mosquitocidal efficacy of PG was studied by the experiment on larvicidal, pupicidal, adulticidal, fecundity, longevity, and ovicidal activity againstAn. stephensi,Ae. aegyptiandCx. quinquefasciatus.ResultsGC–MS analysis revealed fifteen chemical compounds present in the PG. Free radical scavenging was done by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), hydroxyl, and superoxide assays, and the IC50was calculated as 37, 37.5, 35, and 38 μg/mL respectively. PG exhibited better larvae and pupae mortality against I-IV instar ofCx. quinquefasciatus(LC50: 148.765, 162.534, 187.619, 210.835 and 234.624 ppm, LC90: 286.636, 306.390, 350.276, 390.735 and 419.195 ppm). The highest adult mortality was found againstAn. stephensi(91.10 ± 1.74%) with the IC50and IC90values of 128.114 and 260.609 ppm.An. stephensishowed highly decreased fecundity and longevity even at a low concentration of PG. Inhibition of 100% egg hatchability ofAn. stephensiwas obtained at 250 ppm followed byAe. aegypti,andCx. quinquefasciatusat 300 ppm respectively. On comparing with other mosquito vectorsAn. stephensiwas effectively inhibited by PG at each stage of their life cycle.ConclusionThe results provide the first proof that PG could be a successful natural agent for controlling different mosquito vectors. Furthermore, our findings pave the way for more research into the efficacy of natural materials' mosquitocidal activities.
