期刊名称：International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management
电子版ISSN：2395-5252
出版年度：2021
卷号：3
期号：9
页码：756-772
DOI：10.35629/5252-0309522527
语种：English
出版社：IJAEM JOURNAL
摘要：Soil erosion involves detachment and transport of soil particles from top soil layers, degrading soil quality and reducing the productivity of affected lands, Soil eroded from the upland catchment causes depletion of fertile agricultural land and the resulting sediment deposited at the river networks creates river morphological change and reservoir sediment problems. To achieve the goal of this research, using Geographical Information System (GIS) ;the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and digital elevation model (DEM) of the watershed was used to generate topographic factor (LS) factors; The soil survey data were used to develop the erodibility factor (K) ; The value of cover management (C) factor and support practice (P) factor were collected from literature and digitized land use land cover map of the study area, the rainfall runoff erosivity (R) was derived from rainfall data. Those factors were calculated from local data collected from Rwanda Land Use Management Authority (RMLUA) and Meteo Rwanda. The objectives of this study was to identify the hotspot of soil erosion in Yanze watershed ; to analyze the spatial distribution of soil erosion within Yanze watershed ; to quantify the soil erosion rate in Yanze watershed and to propose the land management practices that can reduce the soil erosion in identified hotspot of soil erosion Yanze watershed. This research combines USLE and computer capabilities of Using GIS specifically ArcGIS 10.5.to store USLE factors ; and calculation of soil loss by multiplying six mentioned above factor , USLE factors as individual digital layer and multiplied together to create soil erosion potential map, the results indicate the average annual soil loss (A) within the watershed is about 5798.72445 m3 /ha/ year which is high compared to the values of potential soil loss vary from 4.3 to 1,819.7 m3 ha-1 year-1 in the Yangou watershed (China) and 6 to 1200 t/ha/year in Urualla watershed (Nigeria) . This is highly dependent on rainfall runoff erosivity (R) value which ranges between (105 to 110.64) MJ/ha.mm/h with the highest value being in the upper part of delineated watershed and lowest value in its lowest part, hence it could be better if the implementation of land husbandry measures put in place in order to reduce high risk of soil erosion.
关键词：Geographical Information system;soil and Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE)
