摘要：COVID-19 has massive mental health implications We present findings from several studies conducted in Israel and abroad, aimed to assess the psychological outcomes of COVID-19, as well as factors associated with vulnerability and resilience. Method: Study 1 included 281 Israeli adults, who were followed across four time points – on March, April, August, and October 2020. Study 2 is an international expansion of study 1. The Israeli study protocol from study 1 was administered among 791 adults from 5 countries: Israel, U.S.A., India, Ecuador, and Colombia. Participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing perceived stress, anxiety, PTSD, emotion regulation, COVIDrelated worries, and more Results: In Israel, participants reported moderate to high stress levels at T1, which remained stable through T4. At T4, over 10% of our sample met the cutoff for a probable COVIDrelated PTSD diagnosis. Elevated levels of distress were associated with female gender, young age, being single, and feeling alone. The Agepsychopathology association was mediated by emotion regulation skills. In the international study, Israel and India were the least distressed countries, while Ecuador reported the highest distress. Multivariate models showed that sociodemographic variables and COVID worries differentially predicted psychological distress for each country. Conclusions: COVID-19 yields considerable distress, which seems to remain stable over time. Mental health professionals should pay closer attention to those most vulnerable to distress, including young individuals, and those who feel more alone. Finally, the psychological effects of COVID-19 are different for each country and may vary according to the ways different societies handle the pandemic.
