摘要：A learning environment has become one of the vital factors in ensuring the students’ success in achieving good grades. Although past research focus on students’ performance but the evolution of the learning environment has opened a new direction in understanding students’ learning. There are many factors that can be grouped into the learning environment. This paper aims at validating the Learning Environment Instrument by using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) which has 40 items and 5-point Likert scale. The instrument has five constructs, including students’ closeness, teacher support, involvement, cooperation and equality. The instrument was distributed to 1887 secondary school students from selected high performance school in Malaysia. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to validate the instrument using AMOS 16.0. The result revealed that the measurement model of learning environment fitted with the collected data. Fit index tests like CMIN/DF, TLI, CFI, IFI, NFI and RMSEA were used to obtain the model fit. In conclusion, the instrument was found to be valid and reliable in measuring learning environment in this context of study.
关键词：Learning Environment; Confirmatory Factor Analysis; Mathematics; Students
