出版社：Grupo de Pesquisa Metodologias em Ensino e Aprendizagem em Ciências
摘要：Population increase, growing urbanization and industrialization directly influence the generation of domestic and industrial effluents containing high loads of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, compromising the environment and public health. This work aims to review the characteristics, impacts and advantages of using microorganisms in the anaerobic treatment of effluents rich in nitrogen and phosphorus, highlighting the potential use of process inputs for the circular economy. For this, a literature review was carried out using keywords on the mechanisms and assumptions related to the theme. Based on the references found, it was possible to understand the main characteristics of effluents rich in nitrogen and phosphorus with emphasis on the steps of anaerobic treatment, the advantages and disadvantages of the treatment, the microorganisms that can be used in the process, the different types of anaerobic reactors, as well as it was possible to demonstrate how wastewater treatment by-products under anaerobic conditions can be placed in the context of the circular economy. Therefore, anaerobic digestion is a low-cost alternative for the biological treatment of effluents rich in nitrogen and phosphorus, proving to be useful for minimizing negative impacts associated with environmental contamination and exposure to public health risks, as well as the opportunity to use or reuse of potential products from the process, such as nutrients and biogas.
