出版社：Grupo de Pesquisa Metodologias em Ensino e Aprendizagem em Ciências
摘要：The importance of food plants for human health transcends the nutritional aspect, and can contribute to the prevention of diseases, due to the presence of bioactive substances, among which some phenolic compounds stand out. Thus, the present work aims to carry out an integrative literature review on the main analytical methodologies used in Brazil for the extraction, identification, quantification and evaluation of the antioxidant activity (AA) of total phenolics (TF) in foods, addressing their advances and weaknesses. It was observed that a universal protocol for studies of TF and its AA has not yet been established, as factors such as the origin of the sample are still preponderant for the choice of methods. The high cost is the main limiting factor for the wide use of more modern techniques such as lyophilization, despite other unconventional methodologies such as ultrasound (US) and microwave extraction are not becoming more popular. Maceration, solvent extraction, percolation and cold extraction will remain the most common extraction methods in Brazil. Although the use of chromatographic techniques, such as HPLC, coupled with powerful detectors are more accurate for quantification and identification, the high cost has also restricted the popularization of its use, with the Folin-Ciocalteau spectrophotometric technique remaining as the most widespread, due to its simplicity, reproducibility and convenience. As for the measurement of AA, it is common to use more than one methodology for its determination, in order to overcome the weaknesses of each method.
