出版社：Grupo de Pesquisa Metodologias em Ensino e Aprendizagem em Ciências
摘要：Introduction: Menstrual bleeding occurs as a universal, self-limiting endometrial event that follows a drop in hormone levels (estrogen and progesterone suppression) in a normal ovulatory cycle. The mechanism is complex and orderly, so that dysregulation of the sequential molecular, cellular and vascular events involved can lead to a marked variety of menstrual disorders. Objective: to elucidate the main causes of abnormal uterine bleeding, as well as its etiologies. Methodology: this is a narrative literature review. The research was carried out through online access to the National Library of Medicine (PubMed MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), Google Scholar, Virtual Health Library (BVS) and EBSCO databases. Information Services. Results and Discussion: The term “Abnormal Uterine Bleeding” (AUB) includes dysfunctional bleeding (anovulatory or ovulatory) and bleeding from structural causes (fibroids, polyps, adenomyosis, adenomyomas, endometrial carcinoma, pregnancy complications). AUB may also be related to the use of hormonal contraceptives or hormone therapy. It can affect all age groups, from adolescence to post-menopause. The highest prevalence is recorded at the extremes of reproductive life, particularly in adolescence and perimenopause, periods that are characterized by a higher concentration of anovulatory or irregular cycles. Final considerations: A medical history should be directed towards identifying the nature of the bleeding, identifying possible structural or organic causes, impacting on quality of life and assessing the woman's expectations, especially regarding the need for contraception or desire for pregnancy.
