出版社：Grupo de Pesquisa Metodologias em Ensino e Aprendizagem em Ciências
摘要：This study presents a historical summary about the use and occupation of Manaus urban site which occurred during the first Amazon Rubber Boom between 1870 and 1920, the second, between 1942 and 1945, and with the Free Trade Zone implementation, up from 1967, performing the analysis of social aspects mainly related to habitation and the environment, highlighting the degradation of watersheds. Such economic periods escalated the processes of change in urban space structures caused by the countryside-city population movement, culminating in an intense rural emigration. It was adopted the qualitative investigation, the use of cartographic base from Manaus Urban Drainage Master Plan of 2014, the Urban and Environmental Master Plan from the City of Manaus of 2014, secondary data from Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and from Trata Brazil Institute, 2019, in addition to the references, field work in watercourses, use of GPS, photographic register and office work. Between both Amazon Rubber Booms, only the first cycle boosted the migratory flow which elevated the population growth by 158%, consequently increasing socio-environmental impacts. However, its potential of attraction was insufficient to sustain the expansion of the capital urban site after the sector decayed. In contrast, the Free Trade Zone became a permanent driving force of providing services, supported by an intense product trade around the centered area of the capital, and caused a constant migratory flow which initiated a disordered growth of the urban site and hasting degradation of watersheds.
