期刊名称：International Journal of Energy and Environment
印刷版ISSN：2076-2895
电子版ISSN：2076-2909
出版年度：2020
卷号：12
期号：2
语种：English
出版社：International Energy and Environment Foundation (IEEF)
摘要：The participation of hydroelectric plants in the Brazilian electric energy matrix reached 90% in the 1990s. However, due to the environmental impacts that these projects cause and the insertion from other sources, this participation declined, with prospects of reaching 42% by 2029. In the expansion planned for the hydroelectric sector, most of the projects are located in the Amazon and in small man-made hydrographic basins. In order to make new hydroelectric projects viable, several institutions have proposed modifications and improvements in the environmental licensing processes. Many of the proposed rule changes have the potential to improve, simplify or streamline the environmental licensing process; however, these changes do not face the main restrictions on the installation of new hydropower plants, especially in the Amazon region. Among the proposals of the institutions analyzed, the ones that are most supported are the inclusion of integrated environmental assessment and strategic environmental assessment as a subsidy to the assessment of environmental impact and the licensing process. Often these studies are elaborated, but they are little used or considered for decision making. Another possibility that could be effective would be the one-stop shop that would be responsible for working directly with institutions with jurisprudence on areas such as historical heritage, quilombolas and indigenous peoples. It is understood that it is necessary to advance the current environmental legislation so that it is possible to take advantage of the great hydroelectric potential that the country has and also to maintain the environmental gains achieved in the last decades.
