摘要：The article presents a comprehensive research of evolutionary processes taking place in the development of a Islamic education of the North Caucasus nations in the beginning of XX century, based on a review of a wide range of issues, starting from conditions and prerequisites of evolutionary processes and evolving through specific actions to implement educational tasks, with respective reaction from the official authorities.The authors link evolutionary development of Islamic education to introduction of mundane subjects in spiritual schools’ learning process, application of modern teaching methods in pedagogical practice, and to the fact that teaching came to be delivered in native language, as were the textbooks, and to the start of teaching the history of North Caucasus nations.The research made by the authors make possible to conclude that new progressive processes in the development of Islamic education of the North Caucasus highland nations became evidence of national identity and new cultural needs on the rise. These reasons brought about the nationalization of Islamic education not only in terms of student community but, more importantly, the contents of training programs. Despite the counterproductive attitude of Russian authorities and the old clergy to emerging new Islamic education of the North Caucasus highlanders, the efforts of the new clergy supported by progressive public figures were gradually turning the confessional education into the national one.
