摘要：In this article, based on the consideration of a diverse set of literature, a systematic description of the policy of the House of Romanov and the Russian government in the XVIII – early XX centuries on the development of Scythian archaeology is given. The entire range of literature and sources used in this article is divided into three groups, which include works on the history of archaeological knowledge, works on state policy in the field of archaeology and directly works on Scythian archaeology. A review of the literature shows that despite the increased interest in the history of archaeological knowledge, the policy of the House of Romanov and the Russian government on the development of Scythian archaeology has not been specifically investigated. Under the "Scythian archeology" in this work, the study of the European Forest-Steppe, Steppe, Crimea and the Kuban is considered, although if we interpret this concept in the perspective of "Scythian-Siberian unity", it is necessary to expand the scope of the study and analyze the expeditions of Russian scientists to Siberia and the fate of the Siberian collection of Peter I.The attention of the Romanov House to Scythian archaeology was expressed in the personnel policy, which dictated the principles of choosing the leaders of the excavations of the richest Scythian mounds. They were initially military, and later – major scientists who occupied a high social position. The main role in the study of the Scythian mounds was played by the Archaeological Commission, called the Imperial Commission. The Russian government and the Imperial House personally spared no expense to research the Scythian mounds, archaeologists received government awards and ranks. An ambiguous situation developed with attempts to suppress predatory excavations of Scythian mounds by landowners, peasants and impostor archaeologists. In general, the experience of the development of Scythian archaeology on the part of the reigning dynasty and the Russian government seems useful today, when "black archeology" is flourishing on the territory of modern Russia and Ukraine.
