摘要：Despite the fact that aspects of the spiritual and cultural structure of Kazakh society were considered in medieval historical works, it was not of a scientific systemic nature. The process of the Kazakh society's entry into the Russian Empire opened a comprehensive path to the recognition of its cultural potential. Outstanding pre-revolutionary progressive Russian researchers have made an invaluable contribution to the development of ethnography and ethnology of the peoples of Siberia and Central Asia. The bulk of Russian scientists were advanced people who sincerely believed in the future of the indigenous inhabitants of these lands.Many of them were fluent in the languages of the Turkic peoples, so they found an opportunity to successfully explore new regions. Russian scientists lived in yurts for several years in order to thoroughly familiarize themselves with the structure of the lifestyle of Kazakh villages and thereby brought their fundamental works to science. When studying the internal cultural and economic system of Western Siberia and Central Asia, the tsarist administration paid great attention to the education of scientific personalities and representatives of indigenous peoples. At the same time, one can cite as an example the names of such Kazakh scientists as Sh.Sh. Valikhanov, A. Dzhanturin, H.K. Babajanov et al. That is, an effective dialogue was established between the power and the local population. Undoubtedly, the established historiography about the peoples of Central Asia during the period of tsarist Russia contributed to the emergence of the Orientalist trend in science. This scientific step influenced the creation of a basis in the study of the history and culture of the peoples of the East as a whole. And also, as one of the main values of the complex of works of this historical period, it should be noted that it was outside certain political and ideological principles.
