摘要：The article focuses on universal concept ‘bread’ (khleb) in a multicultural field and the importance of cultural and linguistic concepts in teaching languages. These concepts serve as a tool of bringing up the right, respectful attitude to different cultures and nations, as well as a key element for understanding of language at high level. The comparing of separate data on the concept ‘bread’ (khleb) and analysing the cultural meaning of it is conducted in the article on the materials of Russian, English, Chinese, Czech. Tracing the semantic development of the lexeme ‘bread’ in the facts of the secondary nomination in related Slavic languages (on the material of Russian and Czech) and unrelated (on the material of Russian, English, and Chinese) languages, the authors substantiate the connection between vocabulary and phraseology, state the commonality of models of semantic development of ancient words and national specifics of their modern perception, which are implemented in phraseology.
关键词：concept;cultural and national features;qualitative attributes;conceptual basis;semantic fundamentals
