期刊名称：International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education
电子版ISSN：1308-5581
出版年度：2022
卷号：14
期号：2
页码：4788-4795
DOI：10.9756/INT-JECSE/V14I2.534
语种：English
出版社：International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education
摘要：The accuracy of results in social research is based on the sharpness of data collection tools.For long the researchers have been using traditional tools such as questionnaire survey, case study method, projective methods,etc.,but inthe recent past, Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) tools have emerged as a new research method. NGOs and some Government Institutions have now adopted PRA and Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA) tools aselements of their institutional culture and are increasingly used in social research. In agricultural extension, the researchers used PRA for the identification of research priorities, a field problem, training needs assessment, infrastructure facility availability,etc. This article is a criticismofPRAin the light of personal research experience conducted in 2013 on Maternal and Newborn Child Health (MNCH)project wherein PRA tools including Transect Walk, Social Mapping, Focused Group Discussions(FGDs), Networking Diagram, and Cause and Effect Diagram were used. The first three activities were found to be continuous repetition. The researchers’ negative role was observed as they kept on directing the respondents; hence the purpose of the PRA method was notbeing fulfilled.In the group activity,people hesitate to provide sensitive data; hence originality of data is challenged. Marginalized people were the target groups, but the elite of the area had more representation. There were gaps between the environment of the training session for the application of PRA tools and field activity for the collection of data through PRA tools. The procedures and protocol of PRA could not be followed.During FGD twelve people were invited, but in reality, more than fifty persons were present, which affected the efficiency of researchers and quality of data. Hencethe prime objectof PRA was not achieved.
关键词：PRA;Facilitator;Validity;Reliability;Data;NGO;Field Research
