期刊名称：International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education
电子版ISSN：1308-5581
出版年度：2022
卷号：14
期号：3
页码：2204-2215
DOI：10.9756/INT-JECSE/V14I3.261
语种：English
出版社：International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education
摘要：Definition: Anemia means deficiency of hemoglobin in the blood, which can be caused by too few RBCs or too little hemoglobin in the cells. Some types of anemia and their physiological causes are described in the following sections. Anemia is a common condition associated with critically ill patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). World Health Organization (WHO) defines anemia as a hemoglobin (Hb) level less than 13 g/dL (milligram per deciliter) in men and less than 12 g/dL in women [1]. Various studies have shown that approximately two-thirds of critical patients admitted to an ICU have a hemoglobin concentration of less than 12 g/dl on the day of admission, and 97% of the patients become anemic after a week in ICU [2,3]. The management of anemia and its impact on critically ill patients has been a matter of debate for some time, and recently, blood product transfusion policies have been changed from liberal transfusion to restrictive transfusion[2]. Regarding the types of anemia there are 4 types; blood loss anemia, aplastic anemia, megaloblastic anemia, and hemolytic anemia. Blood Loss Anemia: after rapid hemorrhage, the body replaces the fluid portion of the plasma in 1 to 3 days, but this response results in a low concentration of RBCs. If a second hemorrhage does not occur, the RBC concentration usually returns to normal within 3 to 6 weeks. When chronic blood loss occurs, a person frequently cannot absorb enough iron from the intestines to form hemoglobin as rapidly as it is lost. RBCs that are much smaller than normal and have too little hemoglobin inside them are then produced, giving rise to microcytic hypochromic anemia[3].
关键词：Anemia means deficiency of hemoglobin in the blood;which can be caused by too few RBCs or too little hemoglobin in the cells
