摘要：Background: Long-chain omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids (
n-3,
n-6 FAs) may modulate inflammation and affect the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, whether
n-3/
n-6 FA status affects RA after disease onset is unknown. This study aimed to assess whether FA profiles are independently associated with disease activity in a large prospective cohort of patients with early RA. Methods: Baseline serum FAs were quantified in 669 patients in the ESPOIR cohort. Principal component analysis identified three serum FA patterns that were rich in
n-7–9,
n-3 and
n-6 FAs (patterns ω7–9, ω3 and ω6), respectively. The association of pattern tertiles with baseline variables and 6-month disease activity was tested using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Pattern ω3 was associated with low baseline and pattern ω6 with high baseline
C-reactive protein level and disease activity. Both patterns ω3 and ω6 were associated with reduced odds of active disease after 6 months of follow-up (pattern ω3: odds ratio, tertile three vs. one, 0.49 [95% CI 0.25 to 0.97] and pattern ω6: 0.51 [0.28 to 0.95];
p = 0.04 and 0.03, respectively). Conclusions: In a cohort of early RA patients, a serum lipid profile rich in
n-3 FAs was independently associated with persistently reduced disease activity between baseline and 6-month follow-up. An
n-6 FA profile was also associated with lower 6-month disease activity.
