摘要：SummaryLower ambient temperature (Ta) requires greater energy expenditure to sustain body temperature. However, effects of Taon human energetics may be buffered by environmental modification and behavioral compensation. We used the IAEA DLW database for adults in the USA (n = 3213) to determine the effect of Ta(−10 to +30°C) on TEE, basal (BEE) and activity energy expenditure (AEE) and physical activity level (PAL). There were no significant relationships (p > 0.05) between maximum, minimum and average Taand TEE, BEE, AEE and PAL. After adjustment for fat-free mass, fat mass and age, statistically significant (p < 0.01) relationships between TEE, BEE and Taemerged in females but the effect sizes were not biologically meaningful. Temperatures inside buildings are regulated at 18–25°C independent of latitude. Hence, adults in the US modify their environments to keep TEE constant across a wide range of external ambient temperatures.Graphical abstractDisplay OmittedHighlights•Human total, activity and basal energy expenditure was unrelated to outdoor temperature•Indoor temperature in the USA was independent of latitude and was 18–25°C•Human metabolism is independent of outdoor temperature because we buffer exposure•Keeping mice at 30°C does not create the best translational efficiency to humansHuman activity in medical context; Human Physiology; Human metabolism
