摘要：SummaryLindera glaucais a crucial source of diverse industrial oil and medicines. The spicy aroma of tender leaves is caused by the presence of abundant aromatic compounds. Here, we present its chromosome-level genome assembly comprising 12 pseudochromosomes (2,092.2 Mb; scaffold N50: 186.5 Mb), which was predicted to have 65,145 protein-coding genes. Comparative genomic analyses indicated two whole-genome duplication (WGD) events in the Lauraceae family, contributing to the production of numerous terpene synthase (TPS) genes. We identified 138TPSgenes inL. glauca. Comparative transcriptomic analyses revealed high expression of genesLg03G2346andLg08G140inTPS-aandLg07G2961andLg12G971inTPS-bsubfamilies, which regulated the biosynthesis of the monoterpenoid β-ocimene and sesquiterpenoidD-germacrene inL. glauca. The results suggested a molecular basis for species-specific terpenoid biosynthesis and provided a foundation for molecular breeding to produce desired characteristics and a valuable reference genome.Graphical abstractDisplay OmittedHighlights•We provide the first chromosome-level genome forLindera glauca•We explore the phylogenetic position and identify three WGD events ofL. glauca•We identify genes involved in the main aromatic compounds•Analysis of metabolites in fruits and leaves by GC-MS is reportedPlant Biology; Plant Genetics; Plant systematics; Genomics
