摘要：SummaryAmbient air pollutants are health hazards to children. This study comprised 773,504 emergency department visits (EDVs) at 0–14 years of age with respiratory diseases in southern China. All air pollutants were positively associated with EDVs of total respiratory diseases, especially pneumonia. NO2, PM10, and PM2.5had intraday effects and cumulative effects on asthma EDVs. The effect of SO2, PM10, and PM2.5on pneumonia EDVs was stronger in girls than in boys. The effect of NO2on acute upper respiratory tract infection EDVs was greater in children aged 0–5 years old; however, the effect of PM10on acute upper respiratory tract infection EDVs was greater in the 6–14 years group. In a two-pollutant model, NO2was associated with bronchitis and pneumonia, and PM10was associated with acute upper respiratory tract infection. In this time-series study, NO2and PM10were risk indicators for respiratory diseases in children.Graphical abstractDisplay OmittedHighlights•Air pollution associates with children emergency visits for respiratory diseases•NO2and PM10are risk indicators for respiratory diseases in children•Young children are more sensitive to gaseous pollutants•School-age children are more sensitive to PM10Environment; Exposure; Atmospheric science; Environmental health; Pollution
