摘要：SummaryIn nasopharyngeal carcinoma, deep-learning extracted signatures on MR images might be correlated with survival. In this study, we sought to develop an individualizing model using deep-learning MRI signatures and clinical data to predict survival and to estimate the benefit of induction chemotherapy on survivals of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Two thousand ninety-seven patients from three independent hospitals were identified and randomly assigned. When the deep-learning signatures of the primary tumor and clinically involved gross cervical lymph nodes extracted from MR images were added to the clinical data and TNM staging for the progression-free survival prediction model, the combined model achieved better prediction performance. Its application is among patients deciding on treatment regimens. Under the same conditions, with the increasing MRI signatures, the survival benefits achieved by induction chemotherapy are increased. In nasopharyngeal carcinoma, these prediction models are the first to provide an individualized estimation of survivals and model the benefit of induction chemotherapy on survivals.Graphical abstractDisplay OmittedHighlights•3D-CNN was employed to extract the MRI signatures of nasopharyngeal carcinoma•The prediction model combined MRI signature, clinical data, TNM staging, and treatment•The model improved the prediction of progression-free survival and overall survival•The model can accurately predict individualized survival and decide treatment regimenDiagnostics; Precision medicine; Clinical finding; Cancer systems biology; Cancer
