摘要：The Sumatran orang-utan (Pongo abelii) reference genome was frst published in 2011, in conjunction with ten re-sequenced genomes from unrelated wild-caught individuals . Together, these published data have been utilized in almost all great ape genomic studies, plus in much broader comparative genomic research . Here, we report that the original sequencing Consortium inadvertently switched nine of the ten samples and/or resulting re-sequenced genomes, erroneously attributing eight of these to the wrong source individuals . Among them is a genome from the recently identifed Tapanuli (P. tapanuliensis) species: thus, this genome was sequenced and published a full six years prior to the species’ description . Sex was wrongly assigned to fve known individuals; the numbers in one sample identifer were swapped; and the identifer for another sample most closely resembles that of a sample from another individual entirely. these errors have been reproduced in countless subsequent manuscripts, with noted implications for studies reliant on data from known individuals .
