摘要：The sustainable use of ñire forests requires knowledge of its dynamics and management tomaintain long-term main forest ecosystem services. The aim of this work was to develop astructural–functional state and transition model for ñire forests in southern Patagonia. Forthis, provincial inventory information was analyzed together with information from permanent PEBANPA plots (plots of Ecology and Biodiversity, natural environments in SouthernPatagonia) and studies of ecology and eco-physiology in ñire forests. This allowed thedescription of plant communities on these ecological sites and the history of natural disturbances. Seven states and 10 negative transitions were described, as well the factors thattrigger transitions (levels of grazing, fire and intense logging). Mature forests with lowgrazing, no extractive activity and complete canopy cover (>70%) correspond to the reference state or condition of greater integrity, and grassland or murtillar (dominance ofEmpetrum rubrum) with forest loss is considered the most degraded state. Negative transitions determine the threshold crossings associated with the reduction or loss of resilience tothe previous or original state. The development of state and transition models allows for earlywarnings of deterioration and is a tool to achieve more productive and environmental value.
