摘要：Although the relationships between habitats and ecosystem services (ESs) have beenacknowledged, investigating spatio-temporal change in these has received far less attention.This study assesses the influence of habitat changes on ES delivery across space and time,based on two time points some 60 years apart, 1946 and 2009. A 1946 aerial photo coverageof two catchments in Scotland was used to construct digital photo mosaics which were thenvisually interpreted and digitised to derive historic habitat maps. Using the Spatial Evidencefor Natural Capital Evaluation (SENCE) mapping approach, the derived habitat maps weretranslated into ES maps. These were then compared with contemporary ES maps of the twocatchments, using the same mapping methodology. Increases in provisioning ESs wereassociated with increases in intensively managed habitats, with reductions in supply capacityof other regulating and supporting ESs associated with loss of semi-natural habitats. ESdelivery was affected not only by gross area changes in habitats over time, but also bychanges in configuration and spatial distribution of constituent habitats, including fragmentation and connectivity. It is argued that understanding historic changes in ESs adds animportant strand in providing baselines to inform options for current and future managementof catchments.
