摘要：Recent institutional and policy frameworks prescribe the incorporation of ecosystem services(ES) into land use management and planning, favouring co-production of ES assessments bystakeholders, land planners and scientists. Incorporating ES into land management andplanning requires models to map and analyze ES. Also, because ES do not vary independently, many operational issues ultimately relate to the mitigation of ES trade-offs, so thatmultiple ES and their interactions need to be considered. Using a highly accurate LULCdatabase for the Grenoble urban region (French Alps), we mapped twelve ES using a rangeof models of varied complexity. A specific, fine-grained (less than 1 ha) LULC database atregional scale (4450 km²) added great spatial precision in individual ES models, in spite oflimits of the typological resolution for forests and semi-natural areas. We analysed ES bundleswithin three different socio-ecosystems and associated landscape types (periurban, rural andforest areas). Such type-specific bundles highlighted distinctive ES trade-offs and synergies foreach landscape. Advanced approaches combining remote sensing, targeted field data collection and expert knowledge from scientists and stakeholders are expected to provide thesignificant progress that is now required to support the reduction of trade-offs and enhancesynergies between management objectives.
关键词：Ecosystem service mapping;ecosystem service bundles;land use and land cover;mountain landscapes
