摘要：Ecosystem service (ES) models can only inform policy design adequately if they incorporateecological processes. We used the Lund-Potsdam-Jena managed Land (LPJmL) model, to addressfollowing questions for Mexico, Bolivia and Brazilian Amazon: (i) How different are C stocks and Csequestration quantifications under standard (when soil and litter C and heterotrophic respirationare not considered) and comprehensive (including all C stock and heterotrophic respiration)approach? and (ii) How does the valuation of C stock and C sequestration differ in national paymentsfor ES and global C funds or markets when comparing both approach? We found that up to 65% of Cstocks have not been taken into account by neglecting to include C stored in soil and litter, resultingin gross underpayments (up to 500 times lower). Since emissions from heterotrophic respiration oforganic material offset a large proportion of C gained through growth of living matter, we foundthat markets and decision-makers are inadvertently overestimating up to 100 times C sequestrated.New approaches for modelling C services relevant ecological process-based can help accounting forC in soil, litter and heterotrophic respiration and become important for the operationalization ofagreements on climate change mitigation following the COP21 in 2015.
关键词：Carbon soil;carbon litter;heterotrophic respiration;payment for ecosystemservices;global carbonmarkets;dynamic globalvegetation model;decisionmakers
