摘要：Production of livestock in urban spaces is a common phenomenon globally, particularly in theGlobal South. Livestock provides multiple benefits to society yet its production in urbanspaces can result in adverse impacts to residents that can trigger conflicts. Understanding ofthe ecosystem services and disservices of livestock from the perspectives of residents caninform inclusive local management plans. Using household surveys and key informant interviews, this study sought to examine the contribution of livestock to owners, and perceptionsof livestock services and disservices among non-livestock owners and key informants inMakhanda, a medium-sized South African town. Livestock owners derived multiple benefitsfrom their livestock, including provisioning services such as meat, milk, skins and draught,and use livestock and livestock products in cultural activities such as rituals, bride pricepayments and funerals that are key elements of local identity. Among residents, there weremarked differences in perceptions on the services and disservices of livestock which points topotential conflicts over urban land use and the need for addressing trade-offs. A key trade-offfor local municipal authorities is addressing hunger and poverty by supporting well-regulatedurban livestock production versus managing potential livestock disservices such as injuries tohumans, livestock-vehicle collisions, health hazards and damage to urban green infrastructure. The trade-offs should be understood and considered by local authorities and residentsas a basis for collectively developing strategies that can integrate livelihoods and culturalrealities to balance competing demands for urban spaces including livestock production andother uses.
