We attempted to determine the effectiveness of exercise prescription for women with hyperlipidemia (HL), because some HL women showed no significant improvement in serum lipid and lipoprotein profiles despite the continuation of exercise conditioning. We therefore tested the hypothesis that exercise can be clinically beneficial even when there are no alterations in total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), and/or triglycerides (TG). Twenty-three women with HL (aged 54.3 ± 7.6 yr) participated in our outpatient-supervised exercise conditioning program for 90 minutes each session, twice a week for 1 year, and also did home-based exercise three days a week. Vital age (VA) is a useful index for assessing functional status, especially the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and is computed from 11 independent variables measured not only when a person is at rest but also during exercise. Although TC and LDLC did not change significantly after the exercise conditioning, TG decreased significantly ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, when we computed the corrected VA (VAc) assuming no changes in TC, LDLC, and TG, VAc was found to decrease significantly from 64.0 ± 9.9 yr to 58.4 ± 9.0 yr ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, these results indicate the effectiveness of exercise conditioning on risk of CHD in HL women, irrespective of alterations in the concentrations of serum lipid and lipoprotein.