This study determined the physical fitness component that contributes to improving and maintaining health status for each age group as well as quantifying the degree of the relationship between health status and physical fitness in middle-aged and elderly males. The participants were 995 males aged 30 to 69 years. Ten physical fitness tests and medical checkups were performed. The participants were divided into a healthy group and an unhealthy group according to health status. Multiple discriminant analysis was applied to the multivariate data. Correct discriminant probabilities of the multiple discriminant function to discriminate the healthy and unhealthy groups for males ranged from 67.0% to 75.1%. These findings suggest that there is a relatively high relationship between the health status and physical fitness level for middle-aged and elderly males. With each individual's discriminant score calculated using the multiple discriminant function as the index of the degree of health, the Pearson's correlation coefficient of the discriminant score and the performance in each physical fitness test were calculated. The age change between 30 and 69 years old was classified into five patterns according to the contribution. The result of this study is considered to be useful as objective data to prepare an exercise program considering the contribution of the physical fitness component of health status.