出版社：Japan Society of Circulation Control in Medicine
摘要：Bupivacaine(BUP) has an advantage over other local anesthetics because of its long-acting sensory anesthesia, but because of its high affinity for the myocardial Na+ channel it can be cardiotoxic. Levobupivacaine(LBUP) is an S(-)-isomer of the racemate BUP, and dexbupivacaine(DBUP) is an R(+)-isomer. LBUP has less neuronal and cardiac toxicity than BUP and DBUP, but DBUP induces more negative chronotropism and arrhythmogenic effects than either LBUP or BUP.
关键词：bupivacaine ; levobupivacaine ; dex-bupivacaine ; heart rate ; ion
