A study was conducted to identify the effect of a computer-assisted swimming instruction (CASI) program on children's learning motivation and learning strategy. Twenty children learning to swim in a private swimming club participated. The subjects were classified into an experimental group that used the CASI program before each swimming lesson and a control group that merely participated in the ordinary swimming lesson at the pool. Learning motivation, learning strategy, and 50-m swimming performance for the front crawl and breaststroke were investigated before and after the swimming lesson. The experimental group showed significantly higher fulfilment-oriented motivation (p<0.05) and a tendency to have higher practice- and performance-oriented learning motivation. Using the CASI program developed to enhance swimming performance, it was indicated that the children's motivation to obtain a higher performance level increased, even though it did not necessarily result in higher performance improvement. The CASI program also enhanced enjoyment of the instruction program and interest in swimming as a sport itself, and therefore it may be utilized beneficially in an educational setting.