The purpose of this study was to clarify whether sprinting and jumping performance in late pubertal male students would be improved by jump training and other types of training. The subjects were classified into four groups; a jump training group (hurdle jump, skipping and bounding), a resistance training group (leg lunge, single leg squat and half squat), a complex training group, and a control group. Training was continued once a week for eight weeks. As a result, the rebound jump power [power=(g²·t_f·t_t)/(4·t_c)], the distance covered by a standing five jump, and that covered by a standing triple jump increased in the jump training group, whereas the rebound jump contact time decreased. Moreover, the rebound jump power, the height of the counter-movement jump and the distance of the standing triple jump increased in the complex training group. In the resistance training group and the control group, each measured item showed no change. The 50-m mean sprinting velocity increased significantly in the jump training and the complex training groups. Moreover, the sprinting velocity at 10-m intervals between the 30–40-m and 40–50-m sprints increased significantly in the jump training group, as did the maximum sprinting velocity. The improvement of leg output power over a short time was considered to make a large contribution to maximum sprinting performance. The information presented is considered beneficial for improving physical education class and sports performance.