The recording materials for record the hologram play an important role in holography. Recently, high resolution and high sensitivity silver halide emulsions have been developed for this purpose and various development and bleaching methods have been reported to get hologram showing high diffraction efficiency and low noise. Non silver halide photographic materials have also improved or adapted for holography. In accordance with these progress of the recording materials and processing techniques, the possibility of the practical use is increasing in some fields of application for holography. In this paper, the recent progress of holographic recording materials and their processing procedures are presented for silver halide emuision and dichromated gelatin. The present state of the application of holography to optical element and three-dimensional imaging display are also presented.