In this paper, we describe how the ordinary subjects in literatures such as understanding, emotion and common sense are formalized and represented in logic from the viewpoint of communication. First, we consider about performance of communication between 2 agents and make a criterion of success/failure of communication clear and give the meaning of “understanding” in literature. Second, we introduce a model of communication with multi-layered protocols analogous to the protocol stack of computer communication. Using the model, we analyze the performance of communication and illustrate each layer by failure cases of communication caused by some obstacle at the layer. Third, we analyze emotion in literature from logical viewpoints, then explain emergence and dissolve of emotion in a fable. Furthermore, we analyze logical function and role of emotion in understanding and accepting a short detective story. Finally, we show characteristics of common sense from both semantic and expressive viewpoints in literature. Based on the characteristics, we describe an experiment of common sense extraction from a sample short detective story.