摘要：Introduction: Intellectual disability is associated with multiple etiologic factors, with reports ofstructural and functional alterations of the stomatognathic system.Objective: To review the literatureregarding the scientific production and the characteristics of orofacial disorders miofunctional of peoplewith intellectual disabilities.Method: National and international journals in databases Lilacs, Medline,Scielo and Google Scholar between 2000 and 2012 were analyzed, by means of the terms oral motor,mental, tongue, lip, swallowing and chewing, being excluded those who did not mention if the individualsin the sample had some intellectual disability.Results: Regarding the characteristics of the scientificproduction, there was the prevalence of clinical studies with description of syndromic cases; the ageof the studied subjects comprised between six months and 67 years (greater focus on childhood) andprevalence of the male gender.The type of intervention most described was the assessment / diagnosis,with higher production in 2010.Despite the heterogeneity of the studies, the changes cited were inswallowing (in 80% of selected texts), in tone (64%), structures of the stomatognathic system and speech(60% each), in posture and mobility of the articulators (48% each) in chewing (44%) and respiration(36%).Conclusion: The Brazilian production has investigated more diligently, during the last decade,the association between disorders and orofacial miofunctional intellectual disabilities, especially insyndromic clinical cases.All searches cited structural or functional abnormalities of the stomatognathicsystem, suggesting that studies in this area are essential for better understanding of the issues involvingthe neurologic, anathomic and physicopatologic aspects of these disabilities.↓Introdução: A deficiência intelectual está associada a vários fatores etiológicos, com relatos de alterações estruturais e funcionais do sistema estomatognático.Objetivo: Analisar a literatura quanto à produção científica e às características dos distúrbios miofuncionais orofaciais de pessoas com deficiência intelectual.Método : Foram analisados periódicos nacionais e internacionais nos bancos de dados Lilacs, MedLine, Scielo e Google Acadêmico entre 2000 e 2012, por meio dos termos motricidade oral, deficiência mental, língua, lábio, deglutição e mastigação, sendo excluídos aqueles que não mencionavam se os indivíduos da amostra apresentavam ou não deficiência intelectual.Resultados: Quanto às características da produção científica houve prevalência de estudos clínicos com descrição de casos sindrômicos; a faixa etária nos estudos compreendeu sujeitos entre seis meses e 67 anos de idade (maior enfoque na infância), com prevalência do gênero masculino.O tipo de intervenção mais descrito foi o de avaliação/diagnóstico, com maior produção em 2010.Apesar da heterogeneidade dos estudos, as alterações citadas foram: na deglutição (em 80% dos textos), na tonicidade orofacial (64%), nas estruturas do sistema estomatognático e fala (60% cada), na postura e na mobilidade dos órgãos fonoarticulatórios (48% cada), na mastigação (44%) e na respiração (36%).Conclusão : Na produção brasileira se tem investigado, com maior afinco na última década, a associação entre os distúrbios miofuncionais orofaciais e a deficiência intelectual, principalmente em quadros clínicos sindrômicos.Em todas as pesquisas foram citadas alterações estruturais ou funcionais do sistema estomatognático, sugerindo que estudos nessa área sejam fundamentais para melhor compreensão dos aspectos neuroanatomofisiopatológicos envolvidos nessa deficiência.
其他摘要：Introduction: Intellectual disability is associated with multiple etiologic factors, with reports ofstructural and functional alterations of the stomatognathic system. Objective: To review the literatureregarding the scientific production and the characteristics of orofacial disorders miofunctional of peoplewith intellectual disabilities. Method: National and international journals in databases Lilacs, Medline,Scielo and Google Scholar between 2000 and 2012 were analyzed, by means of the terms oral motor,mental, tongue, lip, swallowing and chewing, being excluded those who did not mention if the individualsin the sample had some intellectual disability. Results: Regarding the characteristics of the scientificproduction, there was the prevalence of clinical studies with description of syndromic cases; the ageof the studied subjects comprised between six months and 67 years (greater focus on childhood) andprevalence of the male gender. The type of intervention most described was the assessment / diagnosis,with higher production in 2010. Despite the heterogeneity of the studies, the changes cited were inswallowing (in 80% of selected texts), in tone (64%), structures of the stomatognathic system and speech(60% each), in posture and mobility of the articulators (48% each) in chewing (44%) and respiration(36%). Conclusion: The Brazilian production has investigated more diligently, during the last decade,the association between disorders and orofacial miofunctional intellectual disabilities, especially insyndromic clinical cases. All searches cited structural or functional abnormalities of the stomatognathicsystem, suggesting that studies in this area are essential for better understanding of the issues involvingthe neurologic, anathomic and physicopatologic aspects of these disabilities.
