摘要：Author Stéphane Frioux * Université Lumière Lyon 2 Laboratoire de recherche historique Rhône-Alpes 14, avenue Berthelot 69363 Lyon Cedex 07 France * Tirés à part Key words: city planning, environment, medicine history, public health, urban health services DOI : 10.1684/ers.2015.0792 Page(s) : 299-304 Published in: 2015 This article offers an interpretation of the movement over two centuries from the consideration of “medical topographies” in Ancien Régime France to the institutionalisation of a special field of public policy concerning the “environment”, separate from health. Despite profound changes in aetiological knowledge and the development of medicine as a field focused on biology and technical advances, the fundamental characteristics of the links between environment and health, as viewed by practitioners, did not change: attention to the benefits of nature, to fresh air, and to monitoring water quality. Air pollution, which played a role in the creation of the first ministry of the environment, has been the topic around which interdisciplinary analysis has developed, linking the urban environment and urban life styles to health, understood in its broadest sense.
关键词：city planning; environment; medicine history; public health; urban health services
