期刊名称：Revue de Neuropsychologie Neurosciences Cognitives et Cliniques
印刷版ISSN：2101-6739
电子版ISSN：2102-6025
出版年度：2015
卷号：7
期号：2
页码：71-99
DOI：10.1684/nrp.2015.0334
出版社：John Libbey Eurotext
摘要：Figures Tables Authors Michael Hogge 13 Eric Salmon 2 Fabienne Collette 123 * 1 Département de Psychologie : Cognition et comportement, Université de Liège, Boulevard du Rectorat 3 (B33), 4000 Liège, Belgique 2 Centre de recherche du Cyclotron, Université de Liège, Allée du 6 août n° 8 (B30), 4000 Liège, Belgique 3 Fonds national de la recherche scientifique (FRS-FNRS), Belgique * Correspondance Key words: fonctions exécutives, attention, frontal, pariétal DOI : 10.1684/nrp.2015.0334 Page(s) : 71-99 Published in: 2015 Executive functioning is classically described as a range of high-level cognitive processes that can be clearly dissociated and that are localized in frontal areas. However, a series of data in patients with acquired brain lesions led to question that conceptualization. In that context, we administered a large battery of executive and attentional tasks to a small group of brain-damaged patients (N=9) to determine, with multiple cases analyses, the influence of the lesion size and localization, and the influence of attentional difficulties on the occurrence of a dysexecutive syndrome. The analyse of the individual profiles of our patients seems to indicate that an inefficient transfer of information between anterior and posterior cerebral areas would be responsible for the occurrence of executive dysfunction and that, for some patients, attentional difficulties would determine that dysfunction. However, the damage of specific (and relatively focal) key-areas responsible of general cognitive processes (i.e., short term memory) involved in a large range of executive tasks would be responsible for the occurrence of a large executive dysfunction. Our results are also in agreement with the separability of executive processes, as we observed double dissociation in some of our patients between inhibition and flexibility preserved/altered capacities. However, we similarly observed an important heterogeneity in the patterns of preserved/altered performance within functions considered as unitary (double task coordination and flexibility).
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