A bioassay-guided fractionation and chemical investigation of the MeOH extract from the twigs of Lindera glauca (SIEB. et ZUCC.) BLUME resulted in the isolation and identification of six lignans ( 1 – 6 ) including three new lignan derivatives, named linderuca A ( 1 ), B ( 2 ), and C ( 3 ). The structures of the new compounds ( 1 – 3 ) were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including two dimensional NMR and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy studies. The cytotoxic activities of the isolates ( 1 – 6 ) were evaluated by determining their inhibitory effects on human tumor cell lines. Compounds 1 – 5 showed antiproliferative activities against A549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2, and HCT-15 cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 7.79–29.42 µM. Based on the understanding that inflammation is a crucial cause of tumor progression, we also investigated the anti-inflammatory activities of the isolates ( 1 – 6 ) in the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine microglia BV-2 cell line by measuring nitric oxide (NO) levels. The new lignans ( 1 – 3 ) significantly inhibited NO production with IC₅₀ values of 12.10, 9.48, and 9.87 µM, respectively, without cytotoxicity.