摘要：Itis well understood that both untreated and partially treated wastewatercomprise substantial amount of resources, which can be recovered and utilizedfor different purposes. Since Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) is energyintensive and expensive, substantiating the WWTPs with Resource RecoverTechnologies (RRTs) will not only save a considerable amount of energy but alsomake the environment cleaner and safer. In line with this, this paper seeks toreview several RRTS and to identify their limitations. Several effectivenutrient recovery methods using both biota (e.g., microalgae, duckweed, aquaticmacrophytes) and chemical processes (e.g., struvite precipitation and HAIXresin) are discussed in this study. The recovered nutrients can be used asfertilizer, animal feed and for production of protein rich by-products. Inorder to enhance the efficiency of nutrient recovery processes, severalresearchers suggest introducing hybrid system of nutrient recovery. On theother hand, biosolids, biogas, conserved heat, effluent flow, Microbial FuelCells (MFC), Microbial Electrolysis Cells (MEC) can potentially be employed toproduce electricity and other forms of energy that can meet the demand ofexisting WWTPs. Moreover, the comparative analysis of these technologies interms of advantages and disadvantages and their recovery potential has beendiscussed. The review analysis indicates that despite having limitations,several RRTs are being practiced mostly in developed world. Future researchshould focus on how to increase the efficiency of existing RRTs and identifyinnovative RRTs available in developing countries.
关键词：Resource Recovery; Wastewater; Treatment Plant; Nutrient; Energy Generation
