期刊名称：History Studies : International Journal of History
印刷版ISSN：1309-4688
电子版ISSN：1309-4173
出版年度：2012
卷号：4
期号：1
页码：373-385
DOI：10.9737/hist_487
出版社：History Studies : International Journal of History
摘要：XVI. yüzyýlda Ýngiliz tacirleri denizaþýrý ticarete katýldýlar ve giderek bu ticaretteki paylarýný artýrdýlar. Bu artýþtaki en büyük etken þüphesiz Ýngiltere Krallýðý tarafýndan desteklenen anonim þirketlere aitti. Bu anonim þirketlerden birisi de 1553'te Moskova'da kurulmuþtu ve kýsa sürede Rusya ticaretini denetimine almýþtý. Bu esnada 1557'de Anthony Jenkinson Moskova Þirketinin baþýna getirildi ve ilk iþi Hazar Denizi ve ötesine bir keþif seyahati yapmak oldu. Bu seyahat esnasýnda Ýran'ýn ticarî potansiyelini fark etti. Bunun üzerine Kraliçe I. Elizabeth'in mektubunu iletmek üzere elçi olarak Ýran'a gitti. Amacý Þah Tahmasb'tan Ýngiliz tacirleri için bir takým ayrýcalýklar elde etmekti. Fakat bu talebi Þah tarafýndan kabul edilmedi. Yine de, Moskova Þirketi Ýran seyahatlerini sürdürmeye karar verdi ve 1581'e kadar beþ seyahat daha düzenlendi. Bu seyahatler Safeviler ile Ýngiltere arasýndaki ilk diplomatik ve ticarî münasebetlerdi.
其他摘要：English merchants participated in overseas trade in the 16th century and gradually increased their roles in this trade. Joint-stock companies, which were sponsored by the Kingdom of England, were the greatest factor in this increase. One of those joint-stock companies was founded in Moscow in 1553 and took control of the Russian trade in a short time. Meantime Anthony Jenkinson was appointed as captain-general of the Moscow Company in 1557. His initial step was to make an expedition of discovery to Caspian Sea and beyond. He noticed commercial potential of Persia during his expedition. Thereupon, he went to Persia as an envoy to convey a letter from Queen Elizabeth I. His aim was to obtain some privileges for the English merchants from Shah Tahmasb. But his demand was rejected by the Shah. However, Moscow Company decided to maintain the journeys to Persia. So, it organized five more journeys until 1581. Those journeys were the first diplomatic and commercial relations between the Safavids and the England.
关键词：Ýngiliz tacirler; Moskova Þirketi; Ýran; Safevi-Ýngiltere Ýliþkileri
